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Что (кто) такое i"m allergic to penicillin - определение
 - in shell, shell cracked open, shelled, peeled.jpg?width=200 "Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) - in shell, shell cracked open, shelled, peeled")
![[[Howard Florey]] (pictured), Alexander Fleming and [[Ernst Chain]] shared a [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] in 1945 for their work on penicillin.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Howard Walter Florey 1945.jpg?width=200 "[[Howard Florey]] (pictured), Alexander Fleming and [[Ernst Chain]] shared a [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] in 1945 for their work on penicillin.")
.jpg?width=200 "Dorothy Hodgkin's model of penicillin's structure.")
![plane]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Penicillin-G 3D.png?width=200 "plane]].")
![Penicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics act by inhibiting [[penicillin-binding proteins]], which normally catalyze cross-linking of bacterial cell walls.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Penicillin inhibition.svg?width=200 "Penicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics act by inhibiting [[penicillin-binding proteins]], which normally catalyze cross-linking of bacterial cell walls.")
![Sample of ''[[penicillium]]'' mould presented by Alexander Fleming to Douglas Macleod, 1935](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sample of penicillin mould presented by Alexander Fleming to Douglas Macleod, 1935 (9672239344).jpg?width=200 "Sample of ''[[penicillium]]'' mould presented by Alexander Fleming to Douglas Macleod, 1935")
![[[Dorothy Hodgkin]] determined the chemical structure of penicillin.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Dorothy Hodgkin Nobel.jpg?width=200 "[[Dorothy Hodgkin]] determined the chemical structure of penicillin.")
Википедия
Peanut allergy is a type of food allergy to peanuts. It is different from tree nut allergies, because peanuts are legumes and not true nuts. Physical symptoms of allergic reaction can include itchiness, hives, swelling, eczema, sneezing, asthma attack, abdominal pain, drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest. Anaphylaxis may occur. Those with a history of asthma are more likely to be severely affected.
It is due to a type I hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system in susceptible individuals. The allergy is recognized "as one of the most severe food allergies due to its prevalence, persistency, and potential severity of allergic reaction."
Prevention may be partly achieved through early introduction of peanuts to the diets of pregnant women and babies. It is recommended that babies at high risk be given peanut products in areas where medical care is available as early as 4 months of age. The principal treatment for anaphylaxis is the injection of epinephrine.
In the United States, peanut allergy is present in 0.6% of the population. Among children in the Western world, rates are between 1.5% and 3% and have increased over time. It is a common cause of food-related fatal and near-fatal allergic reactions.
